  
       Glasair 3 
                                                      
                                                      
       by Budd Davisson, courtesy of 
       www.airbum.com
                                                       
                                                      
      
                                                      
                                                      Looking 
                                                      over the long snoot of the 
                                                      Glasair III, my throttle 
                                                      hand wasn't even halfway 
                                                      to the panel before I knew 
                                                      I was in serious emotional 
                                                      trouble. Once again, I 
                                                      felt my heart slipping 
                                                      away as fast as the Speedy 
                                                      G-III was sucking he 
                                                      runway under us. Before I 
                                                      even had the nosewheel of 
                                                      the ground, I knew that 
                                                      this was the start of a 
                                                      too-familiar, frustrating 
                                                      relationship-I was falling 
                                                      in love with something I 
                                                      couldn't have. One 
                                                      comforting thought came to 
                                                      mind: I could at least 
                                                      have a one-night (or a 
                                                      one-afternoon) stand with 
                                                      this stunning beauty. 
                                                      
      
                                                      
                                                      The reason 
                                                      I felt my emotions being 
                                                      taken from me at such an 
                                                      early stage in my 
                                                      relationship with the 
                                                      G-III was because 
                                                      everthing felt just right,
                                                      and seldom does this 
                                                      impression lead to an 
                                                      emotional over-reaction, a 
                                                      fact which would be 
                                                      confirmed during the next 
                                                      several hours. 
                                                      
      
                                                
                                                      
                                                      We had 
                                                      lined up on the runway at 
                                                      Oshkosh, watching a Breezy 
                                                      float its way off the 
                                                      ground ahead of us and 
                                                      seeing it turn right in 
                                                      the prescribed manner so 
                                                      as to avoid over-flying 
                                                      the east/west runway. 
                                                      Since our stall speed 
                                                      probably approached the 
                                                      Breezy's red-line, we 
                                                      waited, and we waited some 
                                                      more, until the FAA flag 
                                                      man refused to let us 
                                                      occupy the middle of the 
                                                      pavement any longer, and 
                                                      frantically waved us down 
                                                      the runway. 
                                                      
      
                                                
                                                      
                                                      The 
                                                      throttle started in, then 
                                                      the runway started moving. 
                                                      Suddenly, in a nanosecond 
                                                      or thrice, the runway was 
                                                      blurring, and I tightened 
                                                      my grip on the stick, 
                                                      gently urging it back. 
                                                      Obediently, the nose 
                                                      pivoted up, covering the 
                                                      sky ahead, while the mains 
                                                      remained hesitantly on the 
                                                      ground. Then, before I 
                                                      knew it, the 
                                                      airplane was off the 
                                                      ground. I quickly slapped 
                                                      the gear switch up, my 
                                                      eyes riveted on the Breezy 
                                                      which was wafting its way 
                                                      up crosswind. 
                                                      
                                                      The Breezy 
                                                      had turned. so wide that 
                                                      there was only a few 
                                                      hundred yards left for us 
                                                      between it and the 
                                                      forbidden zone. In the 
                                                      interest of keeping the 
                                                      pucker factor within 
                                                      reasonable limits, I 
                                                      brought the power back to 
                                                      24 square and pushed the 
                                                      nose down, keeping the 
                                                      Breezy in sight at all 
                                                      times. As we zipped past 
                                                      the bug-spattered Breezy 
                                                      pilot, I rolled out of the 
                                                      bank and headed for the 
                                                      lake, glancing at the 
                                                      gauges as I did. I looked 
                                                      back quickly, even twice, 
                                                      to make sure I was reading 
                                                      them right. To my 
                                                      surprise, even at that 
                                                      power setting and a slight 
                                                      nose-up attitude, I was 
                                                      indicating 165 mph and 
                                                      1500 fpm up. Talk about 
                                                      rocking and rolling! 
                                                      
                                                      Yessir, 
                                                      we're talking about a real 
                                                      love affair with an 
                                                      airplane here! 
                                                      The Glasair III is what 
                                                      happens when something 
                                                      unbelievably slick hits 
                                                      the homebuilt market with 
                                                      something other than the 
                                                      largest engine available 
                                                      in it; it's generally only 
                                                      a matter of time before 
                                                      someone stuffs said 
                                                      humongous motor under its 
                                                      hood. 
                                                       
                                                      However, in the case of 
                                                      the Glasair III, the 
                                                      factory, Stoddard 
                                                      Hamilton, beat the 
                                                      homebuilders to it. Almost 
                                                      before the first Glasair 
                                                      II RGs started hitting the 
                                                      streets as completed kits, 
                                                      the guys up in Arlington, 
                                                      Washington already had the 
                                                      III in the moulds. 
                                                       
                                                      It would be easy to say 
                                                      that the III is a hot-rodded 
                                                      II - which it is - but as 
                                                      is always the case, when 
                                                      something is radically 
                                                      hopped up, many more 
                                                      features about it change, 
                                                      than stay the same. For 
                                                      instance, the wing area of 
                                                      the two is identical (81.3 
                                                      sq. ft.), as is the 
                                                      wingspan (23.3 ft.), which 
                                                      would lead one to believe 
                                                      that it's the same wing, 
                                                      but that's definitely not 
                                                      the case. With a gross 
                                                      weight of 2400 pounds 
                                                      versus 1800 pounds, a red 
                                                      line of 335 mph 
                                                      (that's no typo), as 
                                                      opposed to 260 mph, and -6 
                                                      and -4 Gs (limit load), 
                                                      you just know it would be 
                                                      safe to bet that there 
                                                      aren't many 
                                                      interchangeable wing 
                                                      pieces. 
                                                       
                                                      From the outside, the most 
                                                      noticeable difference is 
                                                      the extra 2.5 feet 
                                                      of fuselage length, part 
                                                      of which is in front of 
                                                      the wing, and part 
                                                      aft of it. It stretches 
                                                      the airframe out to where 
                                                      the boxy look of the II 
                                                      has been converted into 
                                                      nothing short of perfect. 
                                                       
                                                      The interesting thing 
                                                      about the Glasair Ill is 
                                                      that, although it's been 
                                                      only a little over two 
                                                      years since it was first 
                                                      introduced, there already 
                                                      are a number of kit-built 
                                                      planes in the air. That 
                                                      says several fairly 
                                                      significant things. First, 
                                                      it says that there are a 
                                                      lot of guys out there with 
                                                      plenty of bucks, since it 
                                                      would be tough to do a 
                                                      GIII for less than $60,000 
                                                      (and $85,000 is a 
                                                      lot closer) {editor's 
                                                      note from the year 2000. 
                                                      Make that $100,000, plus 
                                                      the factory has in the 
                                                      process of changing hands 
                                                      after going Tango Uniform). 
                                                      Second, those same guys 
                                                      with the money have 
                                                      excellent taste. Third, 
                                                      the airplane goes together 
                                                      exactly as advertised. 
                                                       
                                                      Ten years ago, this 
                                                      airplane would have been a 
                                                      radical breakthrough both 
                                                      in performance and in 
                                                      structure. Today, however, 
                                                      the entire homebuilding 
                                                      market has become blaze' 
                                                      on both 
                                                      scores.--especially in the 
                                                      area of structure. 
                                                      Hamilton-Stoddard was the 
                                                      first company to use the 
                                                      moulded composite concept 
                                                      for a homebuilt kit with 
                                                      the original Glasair I. 
                                                      Rutan's method was to 
                                                      build the airplane around 
                                                      foam cores, laying the 
                                                      glass up on the outside. 
                                                      Hamilton-Stoddard hit it 
                                                      the other way around, and 
                                                      the skin and most 
                                                      structural parts are 
                                                      glass-foam-glass 
                                                      sandwiches which are laid 
                                                      up in female moulds. This 
                                                      means that the parts 
                                                      supplied are similar to 
                                                      those of a plastic model 
                                                      airplane kit in which 
                                                      major pieces of structure 
                                                      are bonded together to 
                                                      form completed components. 
                                                      The wing of the Glasair 
                                                      series, for instance, 
                                                      comes with the spar 
                                                      already pre-moulded into 
                                                      the bottom skin, just 
                                                      waiting for the rest of 
                                                      the ribs and the top skin. 
                                                      This type of structure 
                                                      progresses incredibly 
                                                      fast. But it also means 
                                                      major (as in really big) 
                                                      investments in hard 
                                                      tooling at the factory 
                                                      which, in turn, translates 
                                                      to increased kit cost to 
                                                      the buyer. In the case of 
                                                      the G-III, that means 
                                                      $3350 (or 
                                                      approximately ten percent) 
                                                      up front. 
                                                      
      
                                                      
                                                        
                                                      
      
                                                      
                                                      Glasair 
                                                      uses the vinylester epoxy 
                                                      system, as opposed to the 
                                                      polyester system favoured 
                                                      by Lancair. There is a 
                                                      raging battle going on 
                                                      between the users of the 
                                                      various systems concerning 
                                                      the effects of skin 
                                                      temperature on the 
                                                      material, especially at 
                                                      the joints where the 
                                                      builder-applied epoxy 
                                                      isn't oven-cured. Rutan is 
                                                      on the side of the 
                                                      vinylester, 
                                                      always-paint-it-white 
                                                      crowd. 
                                                      
                                                      Somehow, as 
                                                      we were blasting past that 
                                                      Breezy, at Oshkosh, none 
                                                      of the background 
                                                      information about the 
                                                      airplane was on my mind. 
                                                      All I could think about 
                                                      was, er, was - actually, I 
                                                      wasn't thinking about 
                                                      anything at all was just 
                                                      sitting there, soaking in 
                                                      the entire experience. We 
                                                      wanted to get into some 
                                                      clean airspace so we could 
                                                      fool around, but first we 
                                                      had to thread our way 
                                                      through the mess of 
                                                      airplanes which were 
                                                      inbound to the airport. So 
                                                      we kept it low and slow 
                                                      (180 mph!) until we were 
                                                      ten miles out, at which 
                                                      time I squeezed on 25
                                                      square and pointed it 
                                                      up, watching the VSI work 
                                                      its way around to a solid 
                                                      3100 fpm and I was still 
                                                      at 170 mph! This Glasair 
                                                      III has got to be the 
                                                      performingest civilian 
                                                      machine ever built. In 
                                                      actual fact, in most 
                                                      departments, it could run 
                                                      away and hide from all of 
                                                      the Warbirds, with the 
                                                      exception of the Bearcat, 
                                                      which is the only US 
                                                      fighter capable of 
                                                      out-climbing it. 
                                                      
                                                      The most 
                                                      magical thing about all of 
                                                      this performance is that 
                                                      it's so easy to manage. 
                                                      While the control 
                                                      pressures are reasonably 
                                                      light, the response is 
                                                      instantaneous, and seems 
                                                      perfectly proportional. 
                                                      Want a little roll? Use a 
                                                      little stick. Want a lot 
                                                      of roll? Use a lot, etc. 
                                                      And I wanted as much roll 
                                                      as I could get. So, no 
                                                      sooner had I put the nose 
                                                      on the horizon at 6500 
                                                      feet, then I yanked it up 
                                                      into a series of aileron 
                                                      rolls, and then slow 
                                                      rolls. Then whatever 
                                                      fractions of them I wanted 
                                                      to make; four points, 
                                                      eight points, the G-III 
                                                      did them as if it had been 
                                                      digitally controlled by 
                                                      computer. The only problem 
                                                      I had with those 
                                                      manoeuvres was keeping the 
                                                      airplane from gaining 
                                                      altitude. 
                                                      
                                                      The most 
                                                      mind-blowing point in the 
                                                      flight (actually, there 
                                                      were quite a few) was when 
                                                      I flopped the G-III over 
                                                      on its back and 
                                                      cross-checked the 
                                                      altimeter with the nose so 
                                                      as to know where the level 
                                                      inverted flight was. I was 
                                                      pulling about 23 inches, 
                                                      which translated to about
                                                      65 percent. While 
                                                      hanging upside down, I 
                                                      glanced at the airspeed 
                                                      and couldn't believe where 
                                                      the needle was pointing: 
                                                      it was happily nailed to 
                                                      the narrow space between
                                                      235 and 240 mph, at
                                                      6500 feet and little 
                                                      more than 23 inches. 
                                                      Later I put the 
                                                      appropriate temperatures 
                                                      and other stuff into the 
                                                      little calculator and it 
                                                      came out to 263 mph true. 
                                                      Stoddard-Hamilton 
                                                      literature says 269 mph 
                                                      with those power settings, 
                                                      so it is probably 
                                                      absolutely correct since I 
                                                      was only approximating the 
                                                      manifold pressure. 
                                                      
                                                      As I 
                                                      dropped the nose inverted, 
                                                      then rolled out, the speed 
                                                      went past 250 indicated. 
                                                      Increasing the "G" to 
                                                      about four in the pull, I 
                                                      glanced out at both wings 
                                                      and did a really poor 
                                                      imitation of a vertical 
                                                      roll. I was off in every 
                                                      direction, but the 
                                                      airplane kept going uphill 
                                                      anyway. I pulled over the 
                                                      top, handed the controls 
                                                      over to Bob Herendeen in 
                                                      the other seat, and he 
                                                      sucked it up into a 
                                                      vertical with a noticeably 
                                                      crisp halt before 
                                                      hammerheading out. Nice, 
                                                      really, nice! 
                                                      
                                                      Bringing 
                                                      the power back to idle, I 
                                                      pulled the nose up and 
                                                      waited until it slowed, 
                                                      which happened much more 
                                                      quickly than I had 
                                                      expected because I'd 
                                                      forgotten what a 
                                                      marvellous speed brake a 
                                                      gigantic propeller makes. 
                                                      I held it there until the 
                                                      speed worked its way down 
                                                      to 80 mph and then a 
                                                      buffet set in before it 
                                                      broke gently at about 77 
                                                      mph indicated. However, 
                                                      the break was nothing 
                                                      unusual and the instant 
                                                      the elevator was released, 
                                                      or the power applied, the 
                                                      airplane was flying again. 
                                                      In a dirty configuration, 
                                                      only the break became 
                                                      sharper.  
                                                      
                                                      During the 
                                                      few times we weren't going 
                                                      either up or down, or 
                                                      around and around, I found 
                                                      I could let the G-III take 
                                                      care of itself without 
                                                      worrying that it would do 
                                                      anything out of the 
                                                      ordinary. Its stability in 
                                                      roll is quite a bit closer 
                                                      to neutral than on any of 
                                                      the other axis. In both 
                                                      pitch and yaw, the 
                                                      airplane heads back 
                                                      towards straight and level 
                                                      immediately, almost no 
                                                      matter what you do with 
                                                      it. In pitch, it would 
                                                      take two cycles to go 
                                                      level and in yaw, only one 
                                                      cycle was needed. 
                                                       
                                                      
                                                      We headed a 
                                                      few miles south of 
                                                      Oshkosh, into Fond du Lac, 
                                                      to shoot some landings, 
                                                      and I should probably 
                                                      mention that the flight 
                                                      wasn't without a few 
                                                      nervous thoughts on my 
                                                      part. I always have a 
                                                      terrible time slowing down 
                                                      high-performance airplanes 
                                                      without hanging some "G" 
                                                      on them. However, with the 
                                                      G-III, all it took was 
                                                      bringing the power back; 
                                                      that fat prop took 
                                                      care of the rest. The 
                                                      airplane decelerates at 
                                                      least as easily as a 
                                                      Bonanza, and much easier 
                                                      than a Mooney. 
                                                      
                                                      On 
                                                      downwind, we got the gear 
                                                      and half flaps, and I made 
                                                      a wild guess as to how far 
                                                      out I should go before 
                                                      turning base. I kept it a 
                                                      little tighter than usual, 
                                                      figuring that the III 
                                                      would settle quickly, but 
                                                      I was wrong, and I came 
                                                      very close to being too 
                                                      high. Fortunately, this is 
                                                      one of those airplanes 
                                                      which has so much drag, 
                                                      when everything is hanging 
                                                      out, that I could drop the 
                                                      nose and shed 100 feet 
                                                      without gaining much 
                                                      speed. We used about 105 
                                                      mph on downwind, and bled 
                                                      that off to 95 mph 
                                                      on short final. 
                                                      
      
                                                      
                                                      I hadn't 
                                                      noticed that I was sitting 
                                                      a little low in the 
                                                      airplane until it came 
                                                      time to break the glide, 
                                                      and I realized that I was 
                                                      looking through the very 
                                                      bottom of the windscreen 
                                                      where it's slightly 
                                                      distorted. So, on my first 
                                                      landing with the G-III, I 
                                                      was a bit higher than I 
                                                      should have been. Still, 
                                                      the airplane mushed 
                                                      through the last couple 
                                                      feet in ground effect, and 
                                                      gave me quite an 
                                                      acceptable landing. The 
                                                      next time around, though, 
                                                      I had a much better idea 
                                                      of where I was, and the 
                                                      airplane landed as easily 
                                                      as any Bonanza. 
                                                      
                                                      All in all, 
                                                      I was amazed at the wide 
                                                      envelope of the Glasair 
                                                      III and the fact that it 
                                                      required practically no 
                                                      talent to fly it 
                                                      adequately. I'm no 
                                                      hot-shot, high-performance 
                                                      pilot, but the airplane 
                                                      seemed very comfortable to 
                                                      fly from the very 
                                                      beginning. I'd say that 
                                                      almost anybody who can 
                                                      handle a Mooney or Bonanza 
                                                      (which is just about 
                                                      everybody) would find the 
                                                      G-III an easy airplane 
                                                      into which to transition. 
                                                      The only thing which might 
                                                      surprise a pilot who flies 
                                                      this Glasair for the first 
                                                      time is the way it blasts 
                                                      down the runway on take 
                                                      off absolutely amazing. It 
                                                      is, however, a highly wing 
                                                      loaded airplane and asks 
                                                      that you remember that at 
                                                      all times, when you're in 
                                                      the pattern. It's 
                                                      essential that you fly the 
                                                      right numbers on final, as 
                                                      it is probably very 
                                                      unforgiving of getting it 
                                                      low and slow. VERY 
                                                      unforgiving. 
                                                      
                                                      
                                                      
                                                      The G-III is one of the 
                                                      very finest of the Hot 
                                                      Homebuilt breed. It's an 
                                                      incredible combination of 
                                                      raw, brute performance and 
                                                      mild, well-developed 
                                                      manners. This airplane has 
                                                      set a standard for 
                                                      utility, performance and 
                                                      out-and-out fun which will 
                                                      be hard for any other 
                                                      design to match.  
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